单实例配置
- 更新 ApiGatewayApplication.java
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package com.baoguoding.apigateway;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApiGatewayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args);
}
}
- 更新 application.properties
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spring.application.name=api-gateway
server.port=5555
zuul.routes.api-test.path=/api-test/**
zuul.routes.api-test.url=http://localhost:2223/
- 访问 http://127.0.0.1:5555/api-test/add?a=1&b=2&sn=1
多实例配置
- 更新 application.properties
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spring.application.name=api-gateway
server.port=5555
zuul.routes.api-test.path=/api-test/**
#zuul.routes.api-test.url=http://localhost:2223/
api-test.ribbon.listOfServers=http://localhost:2223/,http://localhost:2221/
- 访问 http://127.0.0.1:5555/api-test/add?a=1&b=2&sn=1
通过这种方式实现基本的负载均衡
**通过serviceId来映射
- 更新 pom.xml
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<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
- 更新 ApiGatewayApplication.java
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package com.baoguoding.apigateway;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApiGatewayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args);
}
}
- 更新 application.properties
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spring.application.name=api-gateway
server.port=5555
zuul.routes.api-test.path=/api-test/**
zuul.routes.api-test.url=http://localhost:2223/
#api-test.ribbon.listOfServers=http://localhost:2223/,http://localhost:2221/
zuul.routes.api-a.path=/api-a/**
zuul.routes.api-a.serviceId=COMPUTE-SERVICE
zuul.routes.api-b.path=/api-b/**
zuul.routes.api-b.serviceId=COMPUTE-SERVICE-B
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:1111/eureka/
- 访问 http://127.0.0.1:5555/api-test/add?a=1&b=2&sn=1
- 访问 http://127.0.0.1:5555/api-a/add?a=1&b=2&sn=1
- 访问 http://127.0.0.1:5555/api-b/add?a=1&b=2&sn=1
服务过滤
- 更新 ApiGatewayApplication.java
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package com.baoguoding.apigateway;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApiGatewayApplication {
@Bean
public AccessFilter accessFilter() {
return new AccessFilter();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args);
}
}
- 新增 AccessFilter.java
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package com.baoguoding.apigateway;
import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter;
import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
public class AccessFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccessFilter.class);
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "pre";
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
@Override
public Object run() {
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
log.info(String.format("%s request to %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
Object accessToken = request.getParameter("accessToken");
if (accessToken == null) {
log.warn("access token is empty");
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
return null;
}
log.info("access token ok");
return null;
}
}
- 访问 http://127.0.0.1:5555/api-b/add?a=1&b=2&sn=1
- 访问 http://127.0.0.1:5555/api-b/add?a=1&b=2&sn=1&accessToken=token
可以有正确的返回结果
最后，总结一下为什么服务网关是微服务架构的重要部分，是我们必须要去做的原因：
- 不仅仅实现了路由功能来屏蔽诸多服务细节，更实现了服务级别、均衡负载的路由。
- 实现了接口权限校验与微服务业务逻辑的解耦。通过服务网关中的过滤器，在各生命周期中去校验请求的内容，将原本在对外服务层做的校验前移，保证了微服务的无状态性，同时降低了微服务的测试难度，让服务本身更集中关注业务逻辑的处理。
- 实现了断路器，不会因为具体微服务的故障而导致服务网关的阻塞，依然可以对外服务。